Is There Any Sound in Space?

“In space no one can hear you scream.” That now classic tagline (from Alien, one of the greatest science-fiction horror movies ever made) hinges on a big assumption that most of us broadly make: space is empty. And it is—mostly. But there is stuff out there between the stars, and in some cases there’s enough…

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Toba supervolcano: Ancient eruption had surprisingly mild impact on climate

Volcano eruptions can influence the climate by releasing sulphur dioxide Shutterstock/Daniel Lopez Toriello The largest volcanic eruption in human history resulted in a few years of warm weather, according to an analysis of ancient sediments, and not a severe volcanic winter as some researchers had thought. The Toba supervolcano, located on the Indonesian island of…

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The United States’ oldest known rock has existed for at least 3.6 billion years

A weathered sign in the Minnesota River Valley proudly proclaims: “World’s Oldest Rock.” Erected in 1975, it marks a 3.8-billion-year-old gneiss — or so scientists thought. Turns out, it’s not the world’s oldest rock (Since 2019, that title has been held by an estimated 4-billion-year-old Canadian Acasta Gneiss). An analysis of minerals in the Minnesota…

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Chatbots can hide secret messages in seemingly normal conversations

Encrypted messages could be hidden within a normal-looking conversation on social media Tero Vesalainen/iStockphoto/G​etty Images Secret messages can be hidden inside fake conversations generated by AI chatbots. The technique could give people a way to communicate online without arousing the suspicion of oppressive governments. When messages are encrypted for secure transmission, the resulting cipher text…

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